Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Hà Nội môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề HN-128

(23) __________ The journey back was not immediate; it required a structured and resilient approach. (24) __________

Bats are fascinating nocturnal mammals. For a long time, people (25) __________ how these animals could fly so skillfully in complete darkness. The secret is an amazing ability called echolocation, (26) __________ is a kind of natural sonar. To use it, a bat produces high-frequency sounds that are too high for humans to hear. This system is incredibly effective and precise for navigating and finding food.

The process works in a clear sequence. First, the bat (27) __________ a series of short, loud clicks. These sound waves travel outwards until they hit something, like an insect or a tree. Then, the waves bounce back as echoes. The bat's large, sensitive ears collect these returning echoes. The information from the echoes (28) __________ by the bat’s brain to build a detailed 'sound map' of its surroundings.

By analyzing the echoes, a bat can determine an object's size, shape, and distance. (29) __________, this adaptation means they can 'see' using sound. This is essential for their survival, allowing them to hunt for insects at night and avoid dangerous (30) __________ in their path.

In many urban areas, like Ho Chi Minh City, canals that should be beautiful waterways are often choked with plastic bags, foam boxes, and other trash. For a long time, many citizens believed that cleaning up this pollution was solely the government's responsibility. However, a new wave of environmentalism is rising, led by ordinary people who are tired of waiting for change and have decided to take direct action themselves.

A prominent example of this movement is the group 'Sài Gòn Xanh' (Green Saigon). Armed with nets, rakes, and a strong sense of purpose, these young volunteers wade into heavily polluted canals to pull out garbage. Their dedication is clear as they document their hard work through photos and videos on social media. This online presence does more than just show their progress; it acts as a powerful call to action, inspiring countless others across the country to join or form their own local cleanup groups.

The impact of these groups is immediately visible. A canal that was once black with waste can look remarkably cleaner after just one session. This raises public awareness about the severity of pollution. However, some critics argue that these clean-ups offer only a temporary solution. Without systemic changes to waste management and laws to prevent littering, the trash often returns quickly, meaning the volunteers' hard work must be repeated constantly.

Despite these challenges, the story of groups like 'Sài Gòn Xanh' carries an important message. It demonstrates that you do not need to be a powerful official or a famous scientist to make a positive impact on your environment. The collective effort of dedicated individuals proves that small, consistent actions can create visible change and, more importantly, foster a stronger sense of community responsibility for the planet.

For decades, the 'eight hours of sleep' rule has been a universal health guideline. However, modern sleep science challenges this one-size-fits-all approach, (37) __________. Factors like age, genetics, and lifestyle all play a crucial role. (38) __________.

Instead of strictly following this rule, experts recommend a personalized strategy. For instance, some people function better with a biphasic pattern, (39) __________. This contrasts with the monophasic pattern that the eight-hour rule assumes. (40) __________, rather than sticking to an arbitrary number.

A. The most important lesson is to listen to your body's signals of tiredness and alertness

B. suggesting that our individual sleep needs can vary significantly

C. Forcing a rigid eight-hour schedule on everyone might therefore be counterproductive

D. which involves a shorter nighttime sleep supplemented by a daytime nap