Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Hà Nội môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề HN-58

(23) __________. This common struggle highlights a clear need among passengers. For this reason, designated 'quiet cars' on trains are not just a luxury, but an essential service. (24) __________

Have you ever wondered how your phone knows exactly where you are? The answer is the Global Positioning System, or GPS. This amazing system relies on a network of about 30 satellites (25) __________ orbit the Earth. These satellites constantly send out signals. Your phone, or any GPS receiver, listens for these signals. When your receiver (26) __________ signals from at least three or four satellites, it can begin to work.

The receiver then (27) __________ the time it took for each signal to travel from the satellite to your location. This time measurement is then converted into distance. Once the distances from several satellites are known, your precise location (28) __________ by the receiver using a method called trilateration. (29) __________, to get a truly accurate 3D position, including altitude, a signal from a fourth satellite is needed. This is because the fourth signal helps to correct any small timing errors. From navigating in a new city to tracking a delivery, GPS technology now (30) __________ an important part in our modern lives.

In Vietnam, like many places, teenagers love their smartphones for everything from studying to chatting on Zalo or watching TikTok. However, this constant screen time has a hidden danger: a condition called 'text neck'. This modern health issue is becoming increasingly common among young people, caused by the posture we adopt when looking down at our devices for hours every day.

What exactly happens when you get text neck? Normally, your head weighs about 5 kilograms. But when you bend your neck forward 60 degrees to look at your phone, the pressure on your spine can increase to 27 kilograms. This is a significant amount of extra weight, like carrying a young child on your neck, which your spine is not designed to support for long periods.

The effects of text neck can be divided into two groups. The immediate symptoms are often temporary and include a stiff neck, pain in the shoulders and back, and frequent headaches. If ignored, however, these can lead to more serious, long-term problems such as permanent damage to the spine, reduced lung capacity because of poor posture, and even nerve issues.

The good news is that preventing text neck is simple. You can make a huge difference by holding your phone at eye level instead of looking down. It’s also important to take regular breaks every 20-30 minutes to look up and stretch. Simple exercises for your neck and shoulders can also help release tension and keep your spine healthy.

Massive Open Online Courses, or MOOCs, were introduced with a revolutionary promise: to democratize education. The idea was to make high-quality learning from top universities accessible to anyone, anywhere, for free, (37) __________. However, research soon revealed a different reality.

The data showed that the majority of MOOC participants were not the underserved learners originally targeted. Instead, they were often highly educated professionals, (38) __________. These individuals were using MOOCs for career advancement or personal interest, (39) __________. This trend highlights a significant challenge in educational technology: simply making resources available does not guarantee they will reach those who need them most, (40) __________.

A. who already held a bachelor's degree or higher

B. ultimately reinforcing existing educational inequalities instead of dismantling them

C. rather than as a primary educational pathway

D. creating a truly global and equal classroom