Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-05

Chameleons are famous for their ability to change color. Many people believe they do this to hide from predators by matching their surroundings. (35) __________, the primary reason for this change is not camouflage. The truth is more complex and fascinating, involving communication and reactions to their environment.

The secret to this ability lies beneath the chameleon’s transparent outer skin. They have special cells called chromatophores, (36) __________ are responsible for the color change. These cells are organized into (37) __________ different layers. This system allows for a wide range of colors and patterns to be displayed.

Each layer of chromatophores has a different function. The top layer, for instance, (38) __________ yellow and red pigments. Beneath that, another layer reflects blue and white light. By expanding or shrinking these different cells, a chameleon can mix these colors. They can alter their appearance very (39) __________ when necessary.

So, why do they change color? The reasons are varied, (40) __________ on the chameleon’s mood, the temperature, or the light. For instance, a dark color might mean the chameleon is cold and trying to absorb more heat. Bright colors can be a way to communicate with other chameleons. These factors directly (41) __________ how the cells react.

In conclusion, the chameleon's color change is a sophisticated form of expression. While it can help with camouflage, it is more accurately a visual language. It helps the chameleon survive and interact with its world, and this adaptation continues to (42) __________ an important role in its life.

In Vietnam, the concept of 'lễ phép' is a cornerstone of social etiquette, taught from a very young age. It is a complex system of respectful behavior, language, and gestures shown towards elders and those in positions of authority, such as parents, teachers, and older relatives. This deeply ingrained cultural value emphasizes social hierarchy and harmony. For generations, 'lễ phép' has been the invisible thread that holds the fabric of society together, ensuring that interactions between different age groups are smooth and respectful. But as Vietnam rapidly modernizes, a question arises: does this traditional practice still have a place in the fast-paced, globalized world of today's teenagers?

Traditionally, 'lễ phép' is seen as essential for maintaining social order. Its benefits are divided into two main categories: verbal and non-verbal expressions of respect. Verbal politeness includes using specific honorific titles when addressing elders (like 'thưa' and 'ạ') and speaking in a gentle, modest tone. Non-verbal actions are just as important; they include bowing your head slightly when greeting an elder, or handing and receiving items with both hands. These customs are not just about formality; they are a way for younger people to show gratitude for the wisdom and care they receive from their seniors, reinforcing family and community bonds.

However, the 21st century presents new challenges. The rise of social media and exposure to global cultures have introduced younger Vietnamese to more informal and direct communication styles. To some teenagers, the strict rules of traditional 'lễ phép' can feel restrictive and sometimes complicated. This shift can cause a significant gap between generations. An email to a teacher that a student considers friendly and efficient might be seen as disrespectful by the teacher. This clash between old expectations and new habits is a common source of friction and misunderstanding in many families and schools.

The solution may not be to abandon 'lễ phép', but to adapt it. The core values behind this tradition—kindness, empathy, and respect for others—are timeless and universal. The challenge for today's youth is to find new ways to express these values that feel authentic to them while still honoring their cultural heritage. For example, respectful disagreement or offering a well-reasoned opinion to an elder, if done politely, can be a modern form of 'lễ phép'. These modern adaptations are crucial; they allow the spirit of 'lễ phép' to survive and evolve, ensuring it remains relevant and meaningful for future generations.