Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-158

Deep beneath the Earth's surface, it is incredibly hot. This intense heat can melt rock, creating a thick, flowing substance called magma. This magma is stored in (35) __________ huge underground pool known as a magma chamber. First, for an eruption to happen, this molten rock begins to move. Due to being lighter than the solid rock around it, the magma slowly (36) __________ towards the surface.

As the magma gets closer to the surface, dissolved gases within it, like water vapor and carbon dioxide, start to form bubbles. This process is similar to opening a can of soda. The formation of these bubbles causes the pressure inside the magma chamber and the channels leading to the surface to keep (37) __________ higher and higher. This immense pressure (38) __________ over time and acts like a powerful piston.

The solid rock above the magma chamber is a major obstacle. (39) __________, the magma needs an incredible amount of force to find a way out. Geologists have explained that if the pressure became too great, the volcano (40) __________ almost certainly erupt. This force eventually becomes strong enough to crack the rock, creating a main pathway called a vent.

Finally, the moment of eruption arrives. If you (41) __________ witness this event from a safe distance, you would see a spectacular display of nature's power. Pushed by the intense pressure from below, the magma shoots up through the vent. When the magma erupts onto the surface, it is called lava. The volcano finally (42) __________ in a powerful explosion of ash, gas, and lava.

The lava can then flow out, sometimes slowly and other times very quickly, covering the land around the volcano. Over time, this cooled lava and ash build up to form the familiar cone shape of a volcano. Each eruption can change the landscape, creating new land and reminding us of the powerful geological forces at work inside our planet.

Does the thought of speaking in front of your class make your palms sweat and your heart race? If so, you’re not alone. This feeling, known as glossophobia, or the fear of public speaking, is one of the most common anxieties people experience worldwide. In Vietnam, where academic performance is highly valued, many students feel immense pressure to succeed, which can make speaking in class particularly nerve-wracking. The fear can be so intense that some students avoid participating altogether, even when they know the answer, because of a shaky voice or the fear of blushing.

So, what causes this widespread fear? It often stems from a deep-seated fear of judgment. We worry about what others will think of us, whether our ideas are interesting enough, or if we will make an embarrassing mistake. This anxiety is not a sign of weakness; in fact, it shows that you care about your performance. For students, the pressure to get good grades and impress teachers can magnify these fears. Understanding that these feelings are normal is the first step, and learning how to manage them is a crucial skill for both academic and personal growth.

Traditionally, the Vietnamese education system has placed a strong emphasis on written examinations. However, this is changing. Modern schools are increasingly recognizing the importance of communication skills, incorporating more presentations and group projects into the curriculum. Furthermore, youth organizations, like the Ho Chi Minh Communist Youth Union, are actively promoting activities that build confidence and leadership. They often include public speaking contests, debate clubs, and workshops designed to help young people find their voice and share their ideas effectively. This shift prepares students for the dynamic demands of university and the modern workplace.

Fortunately, glossophobia can be managed with practice and the right strategies. First, prepare thoroughly. Knowing your topic inside and out will boost your confidence significantly. Create clear, concise notes on cards, but avoid writing a full script, which can sound unnatural. Second, practice repeatedly. Rehearse in front of a mirror, record yourself on your phone, or present to family and friends. This helps you get comfortable with the material and timing. Finally, focus on your mindset and body language. Instead of dwelling on your fear, concentrate on the valuable message you want to share. Stand tall, make eye contact with different people in the room, and use purposeful gestures. Visualize yourself giving a great presentation.

Overcoming the fear of public speaking is a journey, not an overnight transformation. Every presentation is an opportunity to improve. By starting now, you are not just preparing for a class assignment; you are building an essential skill that will serve you throughout high school, university, and your future career. The confidence you gain will empower you to become a more effective student and a persuasive leader, ready to share your unique ideas with the world.