Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-180

Mangrove forests are (35) __________ ecosystems found along tropical and subtropical coastlines around the world. These unique environments, where land and sea meet, are characterized by salt-tolerant trees. While they may seem like simple coastal woodlands, their importance to both the environment and human communities is enormous. They are a critical component of coastal health and sustainability.

One of the most vital functions of mangroves is coastal protection. Their complex and dense root systems act like a natural shield, holding soil and sand in place. Because of this structure, their roots (36) __________ significantly reduce the force of waves hitting the shore, providing a natural and (37) __________ barrier against coastal erosion. This protection is especially crucial during storms and high tides.

In addition, these forests provide a critical habitat for a diverse range of wildlife. They serve as a vital nursery for many species of fish, shrimp, and crabs. (38) __________ means that the health of these forests is directly linked to the health of local fisheries. For young marine animals, there are few places (39) __________ than a mangrove forest to grow in safety before moving to the open sea.

Moreover, mangroves (40) __________ an essential role in maintaining water quality. Their dense roots trap sediments and pollutants that flow from the land. (41) __________ do they filter the water, but they also prevent these harmful substances from reaching delicate offshore ecosystems like coral reefs. This filtration process helps keep the coastal waters clean and clear.

(42) __________, the value of mangrove forests is immense. They protect coastlines, support wildlife, and clean the water. Recognizing and preserving these incredible ecosystems is essential for the health of our planet and the well-being of coastal communities for generations to come.

Have you ever found yourself excitedly waiting for a midnight flash sale on Shopee or Tiki? You see the countdown clock ticking, your desired item showing 'Only 10 left in stock', and you feel a rush to click 'Buy Now' before it's gone. This thrilling experience isn't just about getting a good discount. It's a carefully engineered event that combines powerful psychology with advanced technology to encourage you to spend. Understanding the science behind these sales can help you become a more conscious consumer.

The primary psychological tool used in flash sales is the creation of Urgency. E-commerce platforms achieve this through several methods. Countdown timers, for example, create a deadline, activating a psychological trigger known as 'Fear of Missing Out' (FOMO). When you see that a deal will expire in ten minutes, your brain perceives the opportunity as more valuable and pushes you to make a quick decision. Similarly, messages showing limited stock ('Only 5 left!') employ the principle of scarcity, making an item seem more desirable because it might soon be unavailable.

Behind the scenes, sophisticated technology is working just as hard. E-commerce platforms like Tiki and Shopee use complex algorithms to analyze your browsing history, searches, and past purchases. This allows them to present you with personalized recommendations that are incredibly tempting. Furthermore, these companies invest heavily in their technical infrastructure to manage the enormous traffic spikes during major sales events like 11/11. It needs to be robust enough to handle millions of users at once, ensuring a smooth and fast checkout process, which is critical for converting interest into a sale.

Two other effective tactics are social proof and gamification. Social proof involves showing potential buyers that a product is popular. When you see a label like '10,000+ sold' or read numerous positive reviews, you are more likely to trust the product's quality and make a purchase. Gamification turns the shopping experience into a game. Activities like collecting daily vouchers, shaking your phone for coins, or playing mini-games to win further discounts increase your engagement with the app, making you feel rewarded and more inclined to shop.

In conclusion, the flash sales that captivate so many of us are not random events. They are a masterclass in digital marketing, blending psychological principles like urgency and social proof with powerful technology like personalization algorithms. By being aware of these strategies, you are better equipped to navigate the exciting world of online shopping, making choices that are smart and satisfying, not just impulsive.