Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-24

Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. Often called the "rainforests of the sea," these underwater structures are built by tiny organisms. A coral reef is a complex community that supports an incredible variety of life, making it a vital part of the marine environment. The vibrant colors and bustling activity of a reef are a sign of its health and importance.

The fundamental structure of a reef is made up (35) __________ tiny animals called coral polyps. These polyps, (36) __________ are related to jellyfish, build hard, protective skeletons around themselves from calcium carbonate. Over thousands of years, the skeletons of millions of polyps grow together to form the massive structures that we recognize as coral reefs.

Inside their tissues, coral polyps host microscopic algae. This is a mutually (37) __________ relationship, known as symbiosis. The algae use sunlight to produce food, which they share with the coral, and in return, the coral provides a protected home for the algae. This partnership also gives corals their brilliant colors.

(38) __________ they cover less than 1% of the ocean floor, coral reefs support about 25% of all marine species. In these ecosystems, shelter (39) __________ for countless marine creatures, from small fish and invertebrates to larger animals like sharks and sea turtles. The overall (40) __________ of this biodiversity is a healthy and balanced marine food web.

(41) __________ species of fish, crabs, and turtles depend on them for food and safety. For this reason, it is crucial that we understand the threats they face from pollution and climate change. We must take (42) __________ to protect these fragile and essential ecosystems for future generations.

In today's digital age, especially after periods of online learning in Vietnam, communicating with teachers via email has become standard. However, many students make the mistake of writing to their teachers with the same informal style they use for texting friends. This can create a negative impression and lead to misunderstandings. Learning the proper etiquette for digital communication is a crucial skill, not just for school, but for your future career. A well-written email shows respect and maturity, ensuring your message is taken seriously.

Why does it matter so much? Imagine you have an urgent question about the upcoming high school entrance exam. A clear, respectful, and well-structured email is more likely to receive a prompt and helpful response from your teacher. Conversely, an email written in all caps, with slang and no clear subject line, might be confusing or even overlooked. Therefore, understanding how to communicate professionally is essential for effective learning. It directly influences the quality of the support you receive.

Crafting a proper email is simple if you follow a few basic rules. First, always use a clear and specific subject line. Instead of “question,” write something like “Question Regarding Math Homework - Nguyen Minh Anh, Class 9B.” Second, start with a formal greeting, such as “Dear Mr. Long” or “Dear Ms. Hoa.” Third, in the body of the email, state your purpose clearly and politely. Provide all necessary context so your teacher understands your request without needing to ask for more information. Finally, end with a polite closing like “Sincerely,” or “Thank you,” followed by your signature, which should include your full name and class.

Equally important is knowing what to avoid. Never use slang, internet acronyms (like 'lol' or 'idk'), or emojis. These are considered unprofessional in an academic setting. Avoid writing in all capital letters, as this is seen as shouting. Furthermore, respect your teacher’s time; don't send emails late at night and expect an immediate reply. If you mention an attachment, double-check that you have actually attached the file. Students often forget this simple step. They then have to send an embarrassing follow-up email, causing a delay.

Mastering email etiquette is more than just a school requirement; it's a fundamental life skill. The habits you build now will help you communicate effectively in university and your future workplace. A professional email reflects your seriousness as a student and paves the way for positive and productive relationships with your instructors.