Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-35

A tsunami is a series of (35) __________ ocean waves caused by large-scale disturbances of the ocean. While often called 'tidal waves,' they are not related to tides. The most common trigger is a powerful undersea earthquake. When the tectonic plates beneath the ocean suddenly shift, they can move a massive volume of water, initiating the tsunami's destructive journey from the deep sea.

This sudden upward or downward movement of the seafloor results in the (36) __________ of the water column above it. This energy transfer creates waves that travel outwards in all directions from the earthquake's epicenter, (37) __________ starts a chain reaction that can affect coastlines thousands of kilometers away. These waves are often barely noticeable in the deep ocean.

In the open ocean, the tsunami waves are incredibly powerful. Not only (38) __________ travel at the speed of a jet airplane, sometimes more than 800 kilometers per hour, but they also retain most of their energy. This means they are often (39) __________ than regular storm waves, even if they are not as high in deep water.

However, the situation changes dramatically when a tsunami reaches shallower coastal areas. The wave's speed decreases, but its height increases significantly, creating a towering wall of water. It is vital that coastal communities have effective warning systems, as people (40) __________ evacuate quickly to higher ground to be safe. The force of the incoming water is powerful enough to (41) __________ catastrophic damage to buildings and infrastructure.

(42) __________, the formation and travel of a tsunami is a clear process of energy transfer. It begins with a geological event on the seafloor and ends with a powerful hydrological force hitting the coast. Understanding this entire sequence is crucial for developing better warning systems and protecting coastal populations from one of nature's most formidable threats.

Have you ever bought a shirt online, only to find it doesn’t fit when it arrives? This common frustration is something that Augmented Reality (AR) technology aims to solve. You might already be familiar with AR from using fun filters on Instagram or TikTok that place digital objects, like cat ears or virtual sunglasses, onto your face. Now, major retail brands are adapting this same technology to create virtual 'try-on' experiences, allowing you to see how clothes look on your body without ever leaving your home.

The process is surprisingly simple for the user. By using your smartphone’s camera, the AR application maps a 3D model of a garment onto your real-time image on the screen. You can turn around and see the item from different angles, just as you would in a physical fitting room. For shoppers, the benefits are clear. It significantly reduces the uncertainty of online purchases, helping you make more confident decisions. This not only saves you the time and hassle of returning items that don't suit you but also makes the entire shopping experience more interactive and enjoyable.

For retailers, the advantages are just as compelling. Product returns are a huge expense for e-commerce companies, involving costs for shipping, restocking, and processing. By helping customers choose the right items the first time, AR can drastically reduce the number of returns, leading to significant financial savings. Furthermore, this innovative feature can increase customer engagement and time spent on a company’s app or website, which often translates into higher sales. There's also a potential environmental benefit, as fewer returned packages mean a smaller carbon footprint from transportation.

However, the technology is not yet perfect. One of the main challenges is ensuring accuracy. While AR can show you the color and pattern of a virtual garment, it often struggles to realistically simulate the texture, weight, and movement of different fabrics. For example, a virtual silk shirt might not hang or flow the way a real one does. Getting the fit exactly right is also a complex technical problem. Consumers need powerful smartphones to run these applications smoothly, and it remains to be seen how well virtual clothes look when they are overlaid on different body shapes and sizes.

Despite these hurdles, the future of AR in retail looks bright. In Vietnam, while still an emerging concept, some beauty and accessory brands have started using AR filters to let customers try on makeup or earrings. As the technology improves and becomes more accessible, it is highly likely that AR try-on features will become a standard part of the online shopping experience for clothing as well. It represents a major step towards bridging the gap between the digital and physical worlds of commerce, changing how we shop for good.