Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường THPT Chuyên KHXH môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề KHXH-53

The microwave oven is a common appliance found (35) __________ many modern kitchens, valued for its speed and convenience. Unlike a conventional oven, which heats food from the outside in using thermal radiation, a microwave uses a unique scientific process. It cooks food by using a specific type of electromagnetic wave, similar to radio waves but with a much higher frequency. This method allows for incredibly fast cooking times, making it a favorite for busy families.

The heart of a microwave oven is a device called a magnetron. This special tube is what generates the microwaves. When you turn the oven on, the magnetron takes electrical energy from the power outlet and converts it into high-frequency microwaves. These waves (36) __________ are then directed into the main food compartment through a component called a waveguide. The metal walls of the oven's interior reflect these waves, ensuring they are contained (37) __________ the cooking chamber and distributed throughout.

When these microwaves come into contact with food, they do not simply heat the surface. Instead, they pass through the food and primarily interact with the water molecules present within it. Most foods, from vegetables to meat, contain a significant amount of water. The energy from the microwaves causes these tiny water molecules to (38) __________ very rapidly, changing their orientation millions of times per second. This rapid movement is the key to the entire cooking process.

The vibration of the water molecules creates friction between them. This friction, in turn, generates heat, which cooks the food from the inside out. This is why foods with high water content, like fresh vegetables, often cook faster than drier foods. (39) __________, the distribution of water in the food affects how evenly it cooks. This is also why some parts of your meal might be hot while others remain cool, which is why many microwaveable meals recommend stirring midway (40) __________ cooking.

It is also important to understand why certain materials should never be put inside a microwave. Metal, for example, reflects microwaves instead of letting them pass through. This can (41) __________ sparks and potentially damage the oven. (42) __________ plastics are not microwave-safe because they can melt or release harmful chemicals into the food. By understanding this simple process, users can use their microwave ovens more effectively and safely.

Water puppetry, or 'múa rối nước', is one of Vietnam’s most unique and cherished traditional art forms, with a history spanning over a thousand years. Originating in the rice paddies of the Red River Delta, these performances traditionally depict scenes of rural life, historical legends, and folklore. The stage is a pool of water, concealing the skilled puppeteers who manipulate wooden puppets on long bamboo rods. For many tourists and older Vietnamese, a visit to a classic venue like the Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre in Hanoi is a must-see, offering a magical glimpse into the country’s cultural soul.

However, the very elements that make water puppetry a classic art form can also be a barrier for today's youth. Teenagers, accustomed to the fast-paced, high-tech world of video games, social media, and blockbuster movies, may find the slow tempo and traditional folk music of these shows less engaging. While the classic performances are beautiful and historically significant, their appeal to a generation raised on digital entertainment is a growing concern for cultural preservationists.

In response to this challenge, a conversation is emerging about how to innovate water puppetry for a new era. The goal is not to erase the original form but to create new versions that can coexist with it. Visionaries imagine shows with updated storylines that resonate with modern youth, incorporating contemporary music, and even redesigning puppets to be more dynamic. Advanced technology like projection mapping could transform the simple water stage into a stunning, interactive environment. Proponents argue that for water puppetry to survive and thrive, it must be willing to evolve.

Naturally, any suggestion of change meets with some resistance. Purists worry that modernization will dilute the art form's authenticity and turn it into a commercial gimmick. They argue that its value lies in its unchanged, historical nature. However, supporters of innovation counter that tradition is not a static museum piece but a living entity. They believe that by carefully blending the old with the new, water puppetry can become a vibrant, relevant art form for young Vietnamese, ensuring its legacy for centuries to come. The risk of inaction, they claim, is far greater than the risk of change.

Ultimately, the future of water puppetry may depend on striking a delicate balance. It requires respecting the deep roots of the tradition while bravely exploring new creative branches. The challenge lies in making this ancient art cool and compelling for 21st-century teenagers, transforming them from passive observers into an enthusiastic new audience.