Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-06

Have you ever wondered how bats can fly so well in the dark? Most bats are nocturnal, which means they (21) __________ for food at night. To navigate in total darkness, they don't rely on their eyes. Instead, they use a remarkable skill that allows them to 'see' with sound. This amazing ability is known as echolocation.

The process begins with the bat itself. First, a bat produces a series of incredibly short, high-pitched squeaks from its mouth or nose. These sounds are too high for humans to hear. However, for a bat, they are the key to navigating in darkness. The bat sends these sound waves out into the environment.

The sound waves travel through the air until they hit an object, like a wall or a small insect. After hitting an obstacle, the sound waves bounce (22) __________ towards the bat. This returning sound is called an echo. The time it takes for the echo to return tells the bat how far away the object is.

This is where the bat's amazing hearing has a powerful (23) __________. Its large ears are able to collect these faint echoes. By interpreting the tiny differences in the echoes, the bat's brain can build a detailed mental map of its surroundings. It can determine an object's size, shape, and even its texture.

In conclusion, echolocation is an incredibly effective system. Using this ability, a bat is able to find prey and avoid (24) __________ different kinds of obstacles, all without needing any light. It is a perfect example of how animals adapt to their environment in order to survive.

The digital age has transformed nearly every aspect of our lives, from how we communicate to how industries operate. At its core lies coding, the language that powers our modern world. [I] Consequently, a global discussion is unfolding: should learning to program become as fundamental as reading and writing for every student? Countries worldwide are integrating computational thinking and coding into their national curriculums, recognizing it as a crucial literacy for the 21st century, essential for future success and participation in an ever-evolving society.

Many might initially think coding is exclusively for future software engineers or tech gurus. [II] Learning to program fundamentally hones vital cognitive skills applicable to any field. It teaches logical reasoning, breaking down complex problems into manageable steps, and fostering precise, systematic thinking. From debugging lines of code to identifying errors in an essay, the problem-solving mindset cultivated through coding is invaluable. It encourages creativity, resilience, and a deeper understanding of how the digital world around us truly functions.

Nowhere is this shift more evident than in dynamic economies like Vietnam. [III] The nation's tech industry is experiencing explosive growth, positioning Vietnam as a significant player on the global digital stage. Major employers such as FPT Software are continuously seeking skilled programmers, while the emergence of coding bootcamps like CoderSchool further highlights the immense demand for competent tech talent. This vibrant ecosystem means that young Vietnamese students with programming abilities will find themselves exceptionally well-positioned for diverse career opportunities, not just within tech but across all industries increasingly reliant on digital solutions.

While not every student will pursue a career as a developer, the foundational skills gained from coding are universally beneficial. It’s less about becoming a coding expert and more about developing computational literacy – understanding algorithms, data, and the logic that underpins digital tools. [IV] This equips individuals to navigate a tech-driven world more effectively, regardless of their chosen profession. Concerns about complexity or access can be addressed through engaging, age-appropriate curricula that introduce concepts gradually, making programming an accessible and enjoyable learning experience for all.

In conclusion, the argument for incorporating programming into every student's education is compelling. Beyond immediate career opportunities in a booming tech landscape, especially in Vietnam, learning to code instills essential life skills: critical thinking, complex problem-solving, and adaptability. These abilities are crucial for navigating a rapidly changing future. For 14-15 year olds, embracing coding basics now means opening doors to new ways of thinking and preparing for a future where digital literacy will be as vital as traditional subjects, empowering them in any path they choose.