Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-172

If you have ever spent a day at the beach, you have likely noticed the ocean's water level rising and falling. This regular movement is known as the tide. This amazing natural (21) __________ happens twice a day in most coastal areas, shaping the landscape and affecting marine life. But what exactly causes this predictable cycle of high and low tides?

The primary reason for ocean tides is the gravitational pull of the Moon. Due to its relative closeness to our planet, the Moon's gravity exerts a strong force on Earth. This force is powerful enough to affect the entire planet, but its effect on the oceans is most noticeable. The water on the side of Earth facing the Moon is (22) __________ towards it, creating a bulge.

Interestingly, a similar bulge is also created on the opposite side of Earth. This second bulge is caused by the planet being pulled toward the Moon, leaving the water on the far side behind. This process (23) __________ two high tides at the same time on opposite sides of the planet. The areas between these bulges experience low tides. This entire system, combined with the Earth's rotation, results in the regular tidal cycle we observe.

While the Moon is the main driver, the Sun also influences the tides. Its gravitational pull is much stronger than the Moon's overall, but because it is so much farther away, its tidal effect is weaker. The Moon does (24) __________ of the work in creating tides. If the Sun were the only celestial body affecting our oceans, tides would be significantly smaller and less complex.

In summary, ocean tides are a complex interplay of gravitational forces, mainly from the Moon but also from the Sun. An old mariner once remarked that he had often wondered how the sea seemed to breathe in and out each day. This poetic description captures the essence of this constant, powerful hydrological force that has fascinated humanity for centuries.

Ecotourism offers a unique approach to travel, actively contributing to the preservation of natural environments. Unlike conventional tourism, which can sometimes strain resources, ecotourism focuses on minimizing negative impacts while supporting conservation efforts. It encourages responsible interaction with wildlife and ecosystems, ensuring the natural beauty travelers seek is protected for future generations. This form of travel transforms exploration into an act of conservation, proving that tourism can indeed help nature.

At its core, ecotourism operates on principles of sustainability and community empowerment. Revenue generated often directly funds initiatives like habitat restoration, anti-poaching patrols, and scientific research. Crucially, it creates stable, sustainable jobs for local communities, reducing reliance on environmentally destructive practices. When locals benefit economically from protected areas, they gain a vested interest in safeguarding their natural heritage. [I] Responsible wildlife observation also ensures animal welfare and minimal disturbance.

Vietnam vividly illustrates ecotourism's positive impact. Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, a stunning UNESCO World Heritage site, exemplifies how managed tourism directly supports conservation. [II] Companies like Oxalis Adventure, known for their incredible cave expeditions, channel significant earnings into forest protection and park operations. [III] This synergy helps safeguard the park’s unique biodiversity. [IV]

For travelers, understanding ecotourism means making informed choices. It involves selecting tour operators committed to sustainable practices, respecting local cultures, and adhering to park guidelines. Choosing accommodations minimizing their environmental footprint, supporting local businesses, and avoiding activities that exploit wildlife are all part of responsible ecotourism. Every dollar spent and decision made in this context directly influences the well-being of the natural world and its communities. Your travel choices, therefore, hold significant power.

As young people, your role in this movement is particularly significant. When you plan a trip to a national park or coastal region, understanding ecotourism empowers you to choose activities that truly benefit the environment. It ensures the stunning landscapes, diverse wildlife, and vibrant cultures you wish to experience today will remain for your generation and those to come. By embracing ecotourism, you become a powerful advocate for nature, proving that thoughtful tourism can be a force for good.