Đề ôn thi Đề thi vào lớp 10 Trường Phổ thông Năng khiếu môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề PTNK-97

Have you ever wondered how your television instantly responds to its remote control? It’s not magic, but a fascinating technological process. The remote control is an (21) __________ tool in many homes, letting us operate our TVs from a distance. This device communicates with your TV using a method that is completely invisible to the human eye.

When you press a button, you begin a chain of events. An integrated circuit inside the remote detects the action. First, the remote must generate a unique binary code—a sequence of ones and zeros—that represents the command. Every button has a distinct code, designed to carry a specific instruction like 'Volume Up'.

Next, the remote sends this code. (22) __________ is done by converting the code into infrared light pulses using a small light-emitting diode (LED) at the front. This light is infrared, which has a wavelength (23) __________ than visible red light. This is why you don't see a flash when you use your remote.

The final stage happens at the television. On the front of the TV, a small infrared sensor detects these light pulses. The sensor converts the light back into an electrical signal for the TV's microprocessor. This processor must then (24) __________ the code to understand the command. Only after the code is identified does the TV perform the action.

In conclusion, what seems like one quick action is actually a rapid, multi-step conversation. From your finger to the TV screen, the remote uses a process of encoding, sending, receiving, and decoding information. It’s a perfect example of complex technology making daily life simpler.

The thrill of kicking a football or sinking a basketball shot is an amazing feeling. Sports are fantastic for staying active, building friendships, and having fun. However, one thing can quickly dampen that excitement: an injury. Nobody wants to be sidelined, watching friends play while nursing a twisted ankle or strained muscle. For young athletes, aged 14-15, getting injured means missing out on the very activities they love. Understanding how to play safely isn't just about avoiding pain; it's about staying in the game.

One crucial step to preventing injuries is properly preparing your body. This means always doing a thorough warm-up, not just a quick stretch. A good warm-up involves light cardiovascular activity, like a gentle jog, followed by dynamic stretches. This gets blood flowing, increases muscle temperature, and makes your body more pliable, less prone to sudden tears. Equally important is the cool-down, gentle stretching after activity. This helps reduce muscle soreness and aids recovery, ensuring readiness for the next game. [I]

Beyond warming up, employing proper technique is fundamental. For many young football players in Vietnam, who often learn informally, a lack of structured coaching on correct techniques can lead to preventable sprains or strains. [II] Additionally, wearing appropriate gear – such as well-fitting sports shoes or shin guards – provides crucial protection, safeguarding you from impact and overuse injuries. [III]

Another vital aspect of playing it safe involves listening carefully to your body. [IV] Never try to "play through" pain. Pain signals an issue; ignoring it causes more severe injuries and longer recovery. If discomfort arises, take a break. Adequate rest, hydration, and nutrition are also crucial for injury prevention. Staying well-hydrated helps muscles function optimally, while a balanced diet provides the necessary nutrients for repair and physical resilience.

Ultimately, playing your favorite sport safely doesn't have to be complicated. By consistently incorporating warm-ups, cool-downs, and correct techniques, you significantly reduce injury risk. These simple rules mean more time on the field or court, actively participating and having fun with friends. Taking responsibility for your body and understanding these preventative measures empowers you to enjoy sports to the fullest, ensuring a long and healthy athletic journey.